In Which Era the Art Santa Gertrudis Was Done
 | |
| Conservation condition |
|
|---|---|
| State of origin | The states |
| Distribution | international |
| Use | beef |
| Traits | |
| Weight |
|
| Coat | cherry-red-crimson |
| Horn condition | horned or polled |
| |
The Santa Gertrudis is an American breed of beefiness cattle. Information technology is a taurine-indicine hybrid breed, descended from both zebu and European cattle. It was bred in the early twentieth century in Texas, and received official recognition in 1940. Information technology has been exported to many countries including Australia, Brazil and South Africa, and has contributed to the development of a number of modern breeds, amid them the Barzona[3] : 290 and the Droughtmaster.[four] : 721
History [edit]
The Santa Gertrudis was developed on the Male monarch Ranch in southern Texas. The name derives from that of the Spanish-owned estate of Los Cerros de Santa Gertrudis , where in 1851 the King Ranch was established.[3] : 290
The ranch was initially stocked with Texas Longhorn cattle. From about 1880 bulls of the British Hereford and Beef Shorthorn breeds were used to meliorate them;[3] : 290 substantial carve up Shorthorn and Hereford herds were kept to supply the bulls.[5] : 115 In 1910 a part-zebuine bull, descended from an Ongole bull imported in 1906 straight from Bharat, was acquired and was cross-bred with cows of the Shorthorn stock.[3] : 290 The results were promising, and in 1918 the ranch bought l-two taurindicine bulls with no less than 75% zebuine parentage, in the hope of creating a blended breed of about 37% zebuine and 62% taurine ancestry. Between 1923 and 1935 a bull named Monkey was extensively used to ready the characteristics of the breed, which was officially recognized by the United States Department of Agriculture in 1940.[3] : 290 All Santa Gertrudis stock descends from this balderdash.[5] : 124
In 1931 the ranch imported from Due south Africa eleven cows and xvi bulls of Afrikander stock, with the idea of using them to help ready the deep blood-red coat color of the new breed. In the result, this was not found to be necessary, and the cattle were sold off; some were used to create the Africangus cross-breed, and others contributed to the development of the Barzona.[4] : 759
A breed clan was formed in 1951, and the first bulls were sold in the same twelvemonth.[3] : 290
The Santa Gertrudis has been exported to many countries, and is reported to DAD-IS past 39.[half-dozen] In 2021 the total number worldwide was estimated at approximately 72 000. The largest population was reported from S Africa, at approximately 25 000; significant numbers were reported from Commonwealth of australia, Brazil, Kingdom of morocco, Namibia, Paraguay and South Africa.[half dozen]
In the The states there were 28 000 head in 1975;[2] past 1990 this had fallen to about 15 200, and to but under 8500 in 2000–2001.[7] : 41 In 2013 the population was reported at 5000, and in 2021 the local conservation status was "at chance".[2]
Characteristics [edit]
The cattle are a solid deep ruby in color, with only minimal traces of white on the underline; they may be either polled or horned.[three] : 290 They are hardy, with skilful resistance to ticks and bloat, and good tolerance of heat.[8] Signs of their indicine heritage include a small hump in bulls, medium-big ears, and loose skin with heavy folds below the neck. The coat is smooth and curt.[8]
Use [edit]
The Santa Gertrudis is reared for beef. Information technology was bred to be better adapted than imported British beefiness breeds to the ecology atmospheric condition of Texas – the semi-arid landscape, the sub-tropical climate and the abundance of ticks[v] : 115 – and has been exported to a number of other countries where conditions are similar, including Australia, Brazil and South Africa.[3] : 290
Information technology has contributed to the evolution of a number of modern composite breeds, among them the Barzona (with Aberdeen Angus, Afrikander and Hereford in roughly equal proportions); the Brazos (with Hereford and Gelbvieh);[3] : 290 the Droughtmaster (with Beef Shorthorn, Devon, Hereford, Red Brahman, Red Poll, and mayhap Afrikander);[4] : 721 and the Santa Cruz (with Gelbvieh and Red Angus).[9] : 51
References [edit]
- ^ Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). List of breeds documented in the Global Databank for Beast Genetic Resources, annex to The State of the Globe'due south Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. Rome: Commission on Genetic Resource for Food and Agriculture, Food and Agriculture Organization of the United nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Archived 23 June 2020.
- ^ a b c d Brood data sheet: Santa Gertrudis / United states of america (Cattle). Domestic Creature Diversity Information Organisation of the Food and Agronomics Organization of the United Nations. Accessed September 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j g Valerie Porter, Lawrence Alderson, Stephen J.G. Hall, D. Phillip Sponenberg (2016). Mason'southward World Encyclopedia of Livestock Breeds and Breeding (sixth edition). Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780647944.
- ^ a b c Marleen Felius (1995). Cattle Breeds: An Encyclopedia. Doetinchem, Netherlands: Misset. ISBN 9789054390176.
- ^ a b c A.O. Rhoad (1949). The Santa Gertrudis Brood: The Genesis and the Genetics of a New Brood of Beef Cattle. Journal of Heredity. twoscore (5, May 1949): 115–126. doi:10.1093/oxfordjournals.jhered.a106008. (subscription required).
- ^ a b Transboundary breed summary: Cattle: Santa Gertrudis. Domestic Brute Diverseness Information System of the Food and Agriculture System of the United nations. Accessed September 2021.
- ^ Harvey D. Blackburn, Terry Stewart, Don Bixby, Paul Siegal, Eric Bradford (2003). United States of America: Land Report for FAO'south State of the World's Fauna Genetic Resources. Agricultural Research Service, USDA; National Center for Genetic Resource Preservation; National Creature Germplasm Program. Annex to: Barbara Rischkowsky, Dafydd Pilling (editors) (2007). The State of the World's Creature Genetic Resources for Nutrient and Agriculture. Rome: Committee on Genetic Resources for Food and Agronomics, Nutrient and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. ISBN 9789251057629. Archived 10 January 2017.
- ^ a b Cattle breeds: Santa Gertrudis. Section of Chief Industries, New South Wales Government. Archived 21 June 2019.
- ^ D.S. Buchanan and J.A. Lenstra (2015). Breeds of Cattle. In: Dorian J. Garrick, Anatoly Ruvinsky (editors) (2015). The Genetics of Cattle, 2nd edition. Wallingford: CABI. ISBN 9781780642215, pages 33–66.
Further reading [edit]
- Stephens, M (et al), Handbook of Australian Livestock, Australian Meat & Livestock Export Corporation, 2000 (4th ed), ISBN i 74036 2160
Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Santa_Gertrudis_cattle
0 Response to "In Which Era the Art Santa Gertrudis Was Done"
Postar um comentário